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Tuesday, June 24, 2008

Finding Hidden Value in the Tremont Tower

Tremont Tower, 3311 Yupon St., Houston

It didn’t garner much local attention, but a certain local condo building — along with a few close friends — made a star appearance in last week’s big mortgage-scam announcement by the FBI. More than 400 people were charged in 144 separate mortgage fraud cases nationwide over the last 3 months as part of the agency’s “Operation Malicious Mortgage.” Six of those arrests were in Houston:

This indictment charges Houston-area residents Frankthea Annette Williams, Ishmael Boyd Laryea, Charles Joseph-DeShawn Wilson, Kristen Anne Way and Robert Wilfred Stanley, and Tasha Rene Bellow, of Burbank, Calif., with engaging in a scheme to defraud by providing false and fraudulent information to residential lenders to induce the lenders to fund the purchase of single family homes and condominium units.

11 News reporter Allison Triarsi describes how the scams worked:

The suspects would find a home for sale, let’s say $200,000.

They would then get a phony appraisal that would almost double the home’s actual value. In that case, $400,000.

The culprits would then look for an investor. That’s someone to actually put the house in their name using their good credit for the closing and title.

A bank would then loan the money for the house, which has the phony appraisal value. The crooks would then pay the seller the $200,000 asking price and pocket the other $200,000.

Here’s a question. If you were trying to run this scam, where would you find properties you could get appraised for as much as twice their actual value? Sure, Houston had some price runups . . . and yes, appraisals can be played. But why fake something you don’t have to?

Continue Reading This Story >

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Friday, May 30, 2008

Where the Subprimes Went

Map of Houston Subprime Loans in 2006 from PolicyMap.com

Here’s a tool likely to be useful to armchair developers interested in the lay of the land. PolicyMap is a new GIS website that allows you to view a range of local market and demographic data for Houston or any area of the country. You can see how local crime statistics, an interesting array of mortgage categories (such as the percentage of piggyback, subprime, and refi loans), income distributions, and even donations to presidential candidates look on a map. (Big surprise: Pearland and the Energy Corridor really like John McCain!)

PolicyMap is a project of The Reinvestment Fund, a non-profit community-development financial institution from Philadelphia. Some of the advanced features require a subscription, but there’s plenty to play around with for free.

The quick map above shows what Houston areas took out the most subprime loans in 2006. (The darkest purple means more than 50% of all mortgages funded that year.) If you discover more interesting neighborhood stories demonstrated nicely in PolicyMap maps, share your finds in the comments.

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Thursday, February 7, 2008

Fraud Scheme Investigation: Eternal Vigilance Is the Price of Low-Doc Loans

FSI Trailer

It’s not just a burgeoning problem that’s destroying neighborhoods and creating havoc in the real-estate market: Mortgage fraud is now also the target of over-the-top TV-show parodies. Yes, “FSI: Fraud Scheme Investigation” is . . . a training video for bored mortgage professionals — or anyone who’s suspicious (or wants to be) that he may be surrounded by unlawful real-estate hijinx.

But really, “FSI” is so much more than that. Designed for “maximum employee learning retention,” the DVD has been a runaway hit for Interthinx, a company that ordinarily provides risk mitigation and compliance tools for the financial-services industry, but occasionally breaks out of that mold to film comedy-dramas like this or its predecessor, “Desperate House Lies.”

But wait, there’s more!

Continue Reading This Story >

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Wednesday, December 12, 2007

Tremont Tower Video: How Construction Problems Attract Foreclosure Pileups

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So the actors aren’t likely to win any awards, but this new video posted to YouTube by Tremont Tower owner-victim-gadfly Heather Mickelson is notable for it’s uh . . . stirring illustration of the connection between construction-quality complaints and foreclosure train wrecks.

The Tremont is colorfully renamed “LemonTree Tower” in the video reenactment. If you’re new to the story, you’ll find better introductions to the sordid Montrose condo tale elsewhere. But if you’ve ever wondered why foreclosures seem to gather like flies around new developments that feature questionable levels of quality (and, say, water-tightness), this will make pretty good internet theater. No, the mortgage defaults aren’t the work of the millions of mold spores and the grim reaper, who together make cameo appearances in the video; they’re the ultimate result of the surefire sales techniques employed for undesirable properties — made so much easier, of course, by the subprime-mortgage boom.

Here’s the formula: Building with bad enclosure + poor disclosure = lots of foreclosure. Or just watch the video. At just over seven minutes, it’s still a lot shorter than Glengarry Glen Ross.

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Tuesday, December 11, 2007

Big Surprise: WaMu Home Loan Centers Closing

Washington Mutual may not be closing all of its home-loan centers nationwide, but it sure is getting out of Houston in a hurry. From the Houston Business Journal this morning:

WaMu intends to close five of six home loan centers in the Houston area, affecting 25 employees, a company spokeswoman said Tuesday.

The six centers are:

Which will remain?

WaMu is now out of the subprime loan business entirely.

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Tuesday, November 6, 2007

Great Moments in Mortgage Humor: The Market Meltdown, Clearly Explained

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If you can spare nine minutes and want a lucid explanation of what’s been going on in the mortgage markets, British comedians John Bird and John Fortune explain it all in this video.

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Wednesday, September 12, 2007

IRA Mortgage Investors: Hoping for Foreclosures?

Some individual investors who’ve been using IRA money to invest in mortgages have been cheering as foreclosures have become more common, reports the Wall Street Journal:

No one tracks IRA loan defaults, but experienced individual lenders say it has happened rarely — though they are bracing for an uptick, given the shaky state of the housing market in many areas.

“You don’t want them to pay you,” says Charlie Adams, a Houston investor who has made about 20 mortgage loans through his and his mother’s IRAs in the past 10 years, typically charging 15% interest for one-year loans. “What’s the worst thing that can happen — you wind up owning a house at 70% of its cost?” He lends no more than 70% of a property’s value and charges interest-only payments. More conservative lenders will go no higher than 50%.

With the one foreclosure he’s done, his mother had lent $40,000 to a renovator to refurbish a house worth $85,000. The borrower made 12 months of interest payments, then stopped, and did not make the balloon payment due. Mr. Adams foreclosed on the house, his mother’s IRA spent $14,000 to finish fixing it up, and they sold it in three months for $85,000, he says, adding that he helped his mother’s IRA increase in value to $140,000 from $50,000 in five years.

Great, but you’ll need to make sure you have enough IRA money in reserve to handle this kind of “good fortune”:

For investors, one risk in foreclosing on a house is racking up so many expenses — from legal fees to repair bills — that the IRA runs out of money. If that happens, the IRA owner faces a difficult choice: Get a loan, or close out your IRA and pay any taxes or penalties.

Using a self-directed IRA to fund mortgage or real estate investments can make sense: for a lot of people, an IRA is the largest pool of money available. Self-directed individual-retirement-account companies Entrust, Pensco Trust, and Guidant Financial have seen a dramatic increase in real-estate lending activity within their IRAs, the article reports.

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Monday, August 13, 2007

Why You Might Want To Price Your Home Around $417,000

Remember a month ago, when the Chronicle reported that high-priced homes in Houston were selling well, despite all the problems at the lower end of the market?

Sales of homes priced $500,000 and higher were up 11.7 percent so far this year.

How long will that continue? Rates for jumbo mortgages (currently greater than $417K) and Alt-A loans have risen dramatically in recent weeks, while other rates have dropped, Bankrate reports.

Investors now believe that stated-income borrowers are going to default on their jumbo loans in bigger than previously expected numbers. So they have virtually stopped buying Alt-A and especially jumbo Alt-A mortgages. When lenders can’t sell the loans, they stop offering them to borrowers — or they ration them by jacking up the rates. That’s what happened.

But why are jumbo-mortgage customers being penalized for the actions of the no-doc-loan crowd?

When jumbo mortgages are securitized, the loan pools contain a mixture of mortgages in which borrowers documented their incomes along with mortgages in which borrowers merely stated their incomes, without providing documentation. In other words, they mingle jumbo and Alt-A.

It’s not hard to imagine an effort to unbundle those two loan classes, but don’t hold your breath.

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Tuesday, July 24, 2007

Where the Real Estate Market Got Too Hot

Burned Shell of 7802 Links Crossing Lane in SpringFor months, the giant, burned-out shell of a home has been sitting on an acre lot at the corner of Links Crossing Lane and Augusta Pines Parkway in Spring, less than half a mile from the baby Bermuda grass fairways of the Augusta Pines Golf Course and its 100,000-sf “southern style” clubhouse. But now Harris County Fire Marshal investigators are reporting that the fire that destroyed the 7000-sf McMansion in February was a poorly concealed arson. While owner Michael Macomber was vacationing in the Bahamas, a man named Adnan Aquil filled the home with 25 five-gallon cans of gasoline he had purchased over several days from Wal-Mart and arranged them so they would ignite spectacularly.

According to investigators, Macomber has now confessed that he paid Aquil $10,000 for his handiwork, before filing a $1.2 million insurance claim.

What made Macomber do it? Was he tired of being overextended on an overmortgaged, overpriced, and oversized home in an overmarketed subdivision in Northwest Houston?

“He was holding on to everything,” [Harris County Senior Arson Investigator Dustin] Deutsch said. “His credit score was getting impacted, payments were getting impacted. The county probably didn’t appreciate him bouncing his tax check. . . .”

Of course there’s more to the story:

“After further scrutiny of the closing paperwork, investigators determined that the residence’s value was grossly overvalued by a local real estate appraiser,” Harris County Arson Investigations officials stated in a media address. “It was also learned that Macomber grossly inflated his stated income to the mortgage company. This embellishment included forged financial documents and other misleading credentials.”

In return for paying an inflated price for the Augusta Pines McMansion in March 2006, Macomber allegedly received a $171,000 kickback from the seller. In all, seven people, including a neighbor couple, have been charged in fraud related to this home. According to KHOU, every house on the street has been foreclosed on.

Yes, it’s a short street.

Photo of 7802 Links Crossing Ln.: KHOU

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Wednesday, July 18, 2007

Why Mortgage Closing Costs Are So High in Texas

Bankrate’s annual survey of home-mortgage closing costs shows Texas has the second-priciest mortgage closing costs of any state. How come? Title insurance and title searches. Texas has the most expensive in the country:

. . . the insurance department sets (or “promulgates”) the rates, with heavy input from the title agencies and insurance companies. Because the state establishes the rates, title companies don’t compete for consumers by offering lower prices.

How do title insurers compete in states where regulators set prices? According to a report issued in April by the Government Accountability Office, “title agents do not market to consumers, who pay for title insurance, but to those in the position to refer consumers to particular title agents, thus creating potential conflicts of interest.” The report says the industry is rife with kickbacks and undisclosed referral fees among title agents, real-estate agents and lenders.

The study showed that title insurance in Houston (the only Texas city polled for the study) averaged $1,185.06 for a $200,000 mortgage, 68 percent higher than the national average of $707.30. Title search costs averaged $305.08, 54 percent higher than the national average of $197.71.

In his blog, report author Holden Lewis adds a personal comment:

As a native of the Lone Star State, I urge my erstwhile neighbors to ask their members of the Lege why they allow the insurance department to get bulldozed by the title insurance industry. Maybe Texas could set a reasonable objective to have the fifth-most expensive title insurance in the country? That’s doable, right? I mean, Texas doesn’t have to be No. 1 in everything. Or maybe the state could force title insurers to compete in a free market — although cartels are pretty good at making a mockery of a market.

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Friday, May 11, 2007

No No Fee Mortgage

Bank of America’s new no-PMI, no-fee mortgage program isn’t all it’s cracked up to be, claims Lending Clarity:

BofA will give you a conforming 30 year fixed rate for 6.25% with 1.001 Points. Wait a minute, points? I thought this was a No Fee loan? Apparently, in BofA’s world, points are not fees.

So how does this quote compare to a typical market deal? No difference.

It may not be common knowledge to consumers. But when putting less than 20% down on a conventional loan, anybody can do a single loan and not pay for mortgage insurance. It’s called lender-paid mortgage insurance. Rather than collecting a premium for a third party MI company, the lender charges a higher interest rate and self-insures against the potential loss. It just isn’t used much because mortgage insurance is temporary and the higher rate is permanent.

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Friday, April 20, 2007

Coming Soon: The 50-Year Mortgage

Commenting on reports that Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac are trying to create standards for new loans for high-risk borrowers, mortgage broker Marc Brinitzer at mortgage blog Lending Clarity says

Rumors are that Freddie Mac . . . has been working on a 50 year loan with an initial 10 year interest-only period. This would certainly smooth out the ride, assuming borrowers have the equity and income to qualfiy.

Hope your home lasts that long, too.

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Monday, April 16, 2007

Yes Money Down!

The end of the line for 100% financing?

HSBC, Wells Fargo, MortgageIT, and Chase have all cut back their no-money-down programs in the past few days, reports mortgage blog Lending Clarity (which clearly has a dog in this hunt).

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